INDWARA Y’UBWONKO IKUNZWE KWITWA STROKE, AVC

Iyi ndwara bita stroke ni imwe mu ndwara itera imfu z’abantu benshi ku isi, ikaba ari nayo mpamvu nyamukuru y’ubumuga bwinshi bagira n’ingaruka zituruka ku yo.

N’ubwo iyi ndwara yiganje mu bakuze guhera ku myaka 65 kuzamura, ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ikomeje gusatira cyane n’abari munsi y’iyo myaka ndetse hari n’imibare igaragaza ko n’abana bato bayigira. Imibare igaragaza ko abagabo ari bo yibasira cyane kurusha abagore ariko kandi bunagaragaza ko yica abagore benshi kurusha abagabo.

Indwara bita stroke, ni ugutakaza bitunguranye imikorere imwe n’imwe cg myinshi y’ubwonko, bitewe no guhagarara nako gutunguranye ko gutembera kw’amaraso mu mitsi igaburira ubwonko ibyo bigatuma ubwonko butabona umwuka ukenewe n’intungamubiri bukeneye kugira bukomeze gukora. Tugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda twayita kunanirwa kw’imitsi kugeza amaraso mu bwonko nk’uko bisanzwe (mu rurimi rw’igifaransa bayita accident vasculaire cérébral AVC ari naryo jambo turi bukoreshe mu mpine mu kuyivuga).

Hariho ubwoko 2 bwa AVC:

1. Hari igihe habaho kuziba k’umutsi bitewe n’akabumbe k’amaraso yafatanye (yavuze), komotse ahantu runaka cg se kikoze ubwako mu maraso kagafunga aho amaraso anyura ngo agere mu bwonko. Ako kabumbe gashobora komoka ku mutsi uri mu bwonko cg se ku muyoboro w’amaraso wo ku kindi gice cy’umubiri. Ibi nibyo bikunze kubaho bavuga ko biri ku kigero cya 85%

2. Guturika (gucika) kw’imitsi ijyana amaraso mu bwonko bitewe nimpamvu zinyuranye zirimo uburwayi runaka cg umuvuduko mwinshi w’amaraso. Ibi bavuga ko biri ku kigero cya 15%

Iyi ndwara ya AVC ushobora kuyigira by’akanya gato umubiri ukabikemura wo ubwawo bitagombye abaganga ubuzima bugakomeza. Rimwe na rimwe hari ubwo ubigize atabimenya, ariko igihe ubimenye ukabona bimwe mu bimenyetso bivugwa hasi ugomba kwihutira kwivuza, kuko ni ikimenyetso cy’uko wazagira AVC mu minsi iri mbere kandi byo bikaba bibi kuruta ibyo wabonye cg bikagutwara ubuzima.

Indwara zifata ubwonko akenshi zitera rimwe na rimwe kwangirika k’umubiri kudakira. Iyo imitsi ijyana amaraso mu bwonko icitse cg ikifunga amaraso ntagere mu bwonko, buri munota hapfa uturemangingo tugera kuri miliyoni 2, niyo mpamvu hagomba gukorwa ibishoboka byose kugira ngo uwagize icyo kibazo ahabwe ubutabazi vuba bishoboka kugira ibyago byo kwangirika k’ubuzima bigabanuke.

IBIMENYETSO BYA STROKE

- Gutakaza imbaraga k’umubiri wose cg se kunanirwa gukora kw’igice kimwe cy’umubiri, ukuboko kumwe, ukuguru kumwe,ndetse wakoresha imbaraga zibabaza kuri icyo gice nko kuhajomba ikintu ntihagire icyo wumva (ntiwumve ububabare).

- Gucika intege mu maso no kunanirwa kumwenyura, ugasanga umunwa igice kimwe kirasa nk’aho gihemetse

- gususumira

- Kunanirwa kuvuga cg se kunanirwa gusubiramo ibivuzwe

- Kunanirwa kumva cg se gusobanukirwa ibyo bakubwira

- Kunanirwa kugenda uko bisanzwe cg se kugenda udandabirana

- Kubabara umutwe cyane bidasanzwe kandi bikaza bitunguranye

- Kunanirwa kureba kw’ijisho rimwe cg se kw’amaso yombi.

- Kugwa muri koma (kunanirwa gukora kw’ibice byose by’umubiri)

NI NDE UFITE IBYAGO BYO KUGIRA AVC?

- Umuntu ukuze mu myaka guhera kuri 65 kuzamura

- Umuntu warwaye indwara z’umutima, iz’imiyoboro y’amaraso cg se iz’ubwonko.

- Kugira ibikomere ku mutwe

- Urwaye umuvuduko w’amaraso

- Unywa itabi ryinshi n’inzoga byinshi

- Ufite umubyibuho ukabije

- Urwaye diyabete

- Umuntu ufite ibibazo bijyanye n’imitekerereze n’imibanire y’abantu

- Urya ibiribwa bitera ibinure byinshi mu maraso,…

- Uba ahantu hari umwuka uhumanye

- Uwigeze kugira AVC

IBIMENYETSO USHOBORA KUGIRA MBERE YA AVC

- Kubura amarangamutima ku bintu byakagombye kuyagutera

- Kugira umunabi bitari bisanzwe no ku bintu bitari ngombwa

- Kutita ku bintu wajyaga witaho ndetse byagushishikazaga, ugasigara ntacyo bikubwiye

- Kugira ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bigaragaza ko ufite ubwoba : kwikanga bidasanzwe, guhora ubona ibintu bigiye kukugirira nabi, kugira ubwoba byizanye ku buryo ushobora kubira ibyuya; umutima ugakubita cyane; ukababara mu gatuza; ukagira iseseme;…

Igihe cyose ugize ibi bimenyetso jya wihutira kwivuza kugira ngo umenye impamvu yabyo kuko bishobora kubanziriza AVC.

ICYO WAFASHA UMUNTU WAGIZE AVC

- Kumushyira muri position yumva amerewe neza niba yumva

- Niba atumva kumuryamisha agaramye, umutwe ureba ku ruhande

- Kutamuha icyo kurya cg se kunywa

- Kutamuha umuti uwo ari wose waba uwo kunywa cg se kumutera n’iyo yaba asanzwe awufata

- Guhamagara ubutabazi byihuse no kumugeza kwa muganga vuba

UKO IVURWA

Kubera ko ubuvuzi bumaze gutera imbere, iyi ndwara ishobora kuvurwa igakira, igihe cyose uyigize abonye ubutabazi n’ubuvuzi hakiri kare.

Icyambere gikorwa ni ukwemeza neza ko yagize AVC, hemezwa niba ari imitsi yazibye cg se niba yacitse, kuko uburyo byitabwaho biratandukanye. Iterambere ryazanye ibyuma bitanga ibisubizo vuba nka scanner ndetse na IRM (MRI).

- Igihe habayeho kuziba kw’imitsi hakorwa ibishoboka byose ubwonko bukongera kubona umwuka vuba hakoreshejwe imiti yabugenewe mu gushwanyuza ako kabumbe k’amaraso maze umutsi ukazibuka amaraso akongera akagenda akagera mu bwonko.

- Hari n’ubundi buryo bavuga ko bashobora gukoresha ikitwa catheter ako ni akantu kaba gafite umwenge imbere muri ko, bakakinjiza mu mutsi kakagenda kakagera hahandi hari akabumbe k’amaraso kakagashwanyuza cg se bagakurura ako kabumbe kagasohoka.

Igihe habayeho gucika kw’imitsi, igikorwa ni ukubaga bagakuramo ayo maraso yaviriyemo.

Kubera ko ibikorwa ahangaha bikiri nkene, bagomba kwita cyane ku kureba uko umuvuduko w’amaraso umeze no kurwanya ibindi bibazo byaziraho bitewe no gucika kw’iyo mitsi.

Ikindi gikorwa kuri AVC zombi ni ukumenya impamvu nyamukuru yabiteye (urugero niba ari diyabete, umuvuduko w’amaraso,…) no kuyirwanya kugira ngo iyo AVC itazagaruka, kuko bavuga ko umuntu aba afite ibyago byo kongera kuyigira mu myaka 5 uhereye igihe yagiriye iyambere.

Gukorerwa ubugorarangongingo aho bikenewe mu gihe bikunda.

INGARUKA ZA AVC

- Kugira paralysie y’uruhande rumwe

- Kugira ibibazo mu kuvuga (ushobora kunanirwa kuvuga burundu cg se ukajya uvuga unanirwa guhuza amagambo, cg se ukajya ubura ijambo ugomba gukoresha ku cyo ushaka kuvuga)

- Gutakaza ibyiyumvo ( urugero ukajya wuva ibidasanzwe nko kumva utuntu tukuryaryata ahantu hataye ibyiyumvo (habaye paralysie) kumva utukujombagura, kumva harimo ibimeze nk’ubushye cg se hashyushye, …; kugukoraho ntiwumve, kutumva ibishyushye cg se ibikonje).

- Kutita ku bintu biri ku ruhande rutagikora neza (urugero: nko kwambuka umuhanda urebye ku ruhande rukora gusa urundi nturwiteho)

- Ububabare bw’umubiri

- Ibibazo bijyanye n’imitekerereze: agahinda gakabije kagaragazwa no kwiheba, kwigunga, kunanirwa kurya, kudasinzira, gutekereza kwiyahura, …

- Kutamenya ko ushaka kujya kujya mu bwiherero

- Kugira ibibazo bijyanye n’imibanire y’abashakanye

- Kugira umunaniro uhoraho

- Kunanirwa gufata umwanya wo gutekereza cg kwita cyane ku kintu runaka,…

- Urupfu

ICYO WAKORA NGO WIRINDE AVC

- Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ku buryo buhoraho

- Kurya indyo yuzuye wirinda umunyu n’isukari bikabije

- Kubahiriza gahunda z’imiti ufata ijyanye n’umuvuduko w’amaraso, indwara z’umutima cg se z’ubwonko, diyabete,...

- Igihe ugize imyaka 40 ugomba guhora wisuzumisha ngo urebe niba nta ndwara zagutera AVC waba ufite utabizi (umuvuduko, diyabete, ibinure byinshi,...)

- Kuruhuka bihagije

- gufata ibiribwa ku kigero cyagenwe

- kubahiriza amasaha yo gufungura

IBIRIBWA UKWIYE GUFATA

- Kurya imbuto n’imboga bihagije

- Kurya amafi inshuro nka 2 mu cyumweru

- Kurya amavuta akomoka ku bihingwa

- Kurya ibinyamisogwe nk’amashaza n’ibitonore

- Kurya persil, poivron na tungurusumu

IBIRIBWA UKWIYE KWIRINDA

- Umunyu ukabije kuko ushobora kuba impamvu yo kwiyongera k’umuvuduko w’amaraso

- Isukari ikabije kuko ishobora kuba impamvu yo kwiyongera k’umubyibuho ukabije, n’indwara ya diyabete