IGISUBIZO CYO GUHORA UFUNGANYE AMAZURU

Abantu benshi
bakunze kugira ikibazo cyo gufungana mu mazuru. Bamwe babifata nk’ibintu bisanzwe
ndetse bakavuga ko bidakira. Abandi bahora kwa muganga bivuza bagahabwa imiti
ibafasha nyuma y’igihe gito bikagaruka. Nyamara ibyo ntibibangamira gusa ubifite,
ahubwo bimubuza no guhumeka neza ndetse akanasinzira nabi. Bamwe bazi ko ari
ibintu bidakira abandi bazi ko bishobora kwirindwa. Wakora iki kugira ngo ibyo
bigabanuke cg ngo bishire utagombye guhora ufata imiti?
IMIKORERE Y’AMAZURU N’AKAMARO KAYO
Umuntu ashobora guhumeka litiro zigera ku bihumbi cumi na bitanu z’umwuka
(15,000 l) ku munsi. Uwo mwuka uba ufite imyanda na mikorobe nyinshi ariko
ubwirinzi bw’umubiri bufite ubushobozi bwo kubikuramo mu kanya gato cyane
ukoresheje amazuru.
Akamaro k’amazuru
mu nzira z’ubuhumekero ni ukuyungurura umwuka duhumeka. Imbere mu mazuru
habamo ururenda n’ubwoya bushinzwe
gusukura umwuka winjira mu bihaha.
Urwo rurenda rutangira imyanda yose yinjiranye n’umwuka nk’umukungugu,
mikorobe z’ubwoko bwose, ubibuza kwinjira mu bihaha. Iyo amazuru amaze
kuwuyungurura, arawushyushya, akawubobeza bityo ukinjira mu bice by’imbere cyane bigize inzira z’ubuhumekero, uhehereye bikarinda
ibyo bice kumagara no kwangirika.
Iyo ibyo bidakunze
kuwuyungurura nk’uko bigomba, abasirikare bashinzwe kurinda umubiri bihutira
kuza ari benshi mu miyoboro y’amaraso yo mu mazuru, baje guhangana n’iyo myanda
iri mu mwuka, nayo ikabyimba. Kubyimba kw’iyo miyoboro bishobora no gufunga
inzira z’ubuhumekero. Gufungana kw’amazuru ntabwo guterwa n’ibimyira byinshi
biri mu mazuru ahubwo guterwa no kubyimba k’ururenda ruba mu mazuru nabyo
byatewe no kubyimba kw’iyo miyoboro y’amaraso kuko abasirikare bashaka kubuza
imyanda kujya mu bihaha.
Bimwe mu bitera gufungana mu mazuru ni:
·
allergies (aleriji) ituruka ku bintu bitandukanye, utuntu dutumuka tuva
mu myenda, ku bwoya bw’inyamanswa n’ibindi
·
ibibazo bijyanye n’amarangamutima
·
igihe uri kurya
·
ivumbi
·
ihinduka ry’ikirere imvura iri hafi kugwa cg iri guhituka hagiye kuza
igihe cy’izuba
·
igihe runaka cy’umwero w’ibintu bimwe na bimwe mu mwaka
·
imiterere karemano
Ibimenyetso bya allergie:
Kwitsamura;
Gufungana mu
mazuru;
Kutumva impumuro;
Ibimyira byinshi
byizana;
gushima amazuru, mu
maso, mu matwi, mu mihogo;
Ibitera allergie
bishobora kuba ibintu bihoraho cg se bikaza bitewe n’igihe runaka kiriho.
Itandukaniro ryo gufungana (rhinite) na sinusite
Mu buvuzi hari icyo
bita inflammation. Ni igihe ahantu runaka ku gice cy’umubiri habyimbye,
hatukura ndetse hakubabaza. Ikintu cyose gituma mu mazuru hazamo inflammation,
ibyo bitera icyo bita rhinite (rhinitis). Iyo uruhu cg ubuhehere bwo mu mazuru
bufite ikibazo, ibyo bituma ufungana mu mazuru. (Rhinite, rhinitis). Ibyo kandi
bitandukanye n’icyo bita sinusite (sinusitis) yo ni igihe imyenge yo mu mazuru
(sinus) no hagati y’amaso, ifite inflammation.
Iyo urwaye
ibicurane bavuga ko ufite rhinite (rhinitis) ariko y’igihe gito.
Allergie itera
rhinite nayo igatera sinusite ariko sinusite ntabwo itera allergie.
Sinisute ni ukurwara
kwa sinus (inflammation ya sinus) yo ntabwo ihererekanywa kuko ni uburwayi buza
kuko sinus zirwaye ariko rhinite iterwa na allergie yo ishobora guhererekanywa.
Akenshi abantu
bafite allergie ibatera gufungana mu mazuru bagira n’ibibazo byo guhumeka bagasemeka
ku buryo bashobora no kugira asima (asthme) ituruka kuri iyo allergie.
Niba ufite
inflammation mu myenge yo mu mazuru bituma utwenge dufasha amazuru kuvanamo
imyanda isohoka hanze tuziba. Ibyo bintu iyo bidasohotse biba umwanda bikagira
infection (imfegisiyo) bikaba byabyara sinusite (sinusitis). Niyo mpamvu abantu
bakunda kugira ibibazo bya allergie bafungana mu mazuru, akenshi uburwayi bwabo
bukura bubyara sinusite, ibibyimba byo mu mazuru, nabyo bikazavamo kurwara asima
(asthme).
Iyo asima iterwa n’uko
iyo wafunganye mu mazuru bituma uhumekera mu kanwa, iyo uhumekera mu kanwa umwuka
winjira mu bihaha, utayunguruye, udashyuhije kandi utabobereye ka kazi gakorwa
n’amazuru. Ibihaha bitangira gukora akazi k’amazuru bigatuma binanirwa
ugatangira gusemeka aribyo bikunze kwitwa asima.
Igihe gufungana bimara bitewe n’impamvu yabiteye:
1.
Allergies: gufungana bimara ibyumweru bine cg bigahoraho
2.
Ibicurane: gufungana bimara hagati y’iminsi 5 -10
3.
Sinusite: gufungana bishobora
kugera ku mezi 3 cg bigahoraho
4.
Imiterere y’amazuru: bihoraho
INAMA ZAGUFASHA GUFUNGUKA AMAZURU
1.
Kumenya kwipfuna
Iyo ufite amazuru yafunganye, uhita ushaka kwipfuna kugira ngo ushobore
guhumeka. Iyo ukomeje gushyiramo ingufu ngo hafunguke ushobora gutuma mu mazuru
hava amaraso (kuva imyuna), infection ya sinus (sinusite), ibyo bigatuma
birushaho kuba bibi kurushaho. Kwipfuna buri kanya nabyo bituma ururenda
rw’imbere mu mazuru rusa n’urubyimba, ibyo nabyo bigatuma ukomeza gufungana
kurushaho.
Uburyo bwiza bwo gusohora urwo rurenda ni ukwipfuna usa n’uhanagura
amazuru buhoro, udasohora umwuka ukoresheje imbaraga, ugakoresha mouchoirs (mushwari)
zoroshye kandi ukazikoresha inshuro imwe gusa, kugira ngo wirinde ikwirakwira
rya mikorobe no kwangiza uruhu rwo mu mazuru.
2.
Kunywa amazi ibirahuri 6-8 by’amazi ku munsi
Kunywa amazi
ahagije bituma ururenda rworoha bigafasha umubiri kurwanya infection. Amazi
ategetswe ku munsi, ashobora kuba menshi cg make bitewe n’umuntu icy’ingenzi ni uko utagomba kugera mu gihe
wumva ufite inyota, ukanywa amazi menshi kurusha ayo usanzwe unywa uri muzima.
3.
Korohereza sinus
Gushyira agatambaro
gashyushye ku matama hagana ku mazuru no ku gahanga kugira ngo ugabanye ibimeze
nk’igitutu kiri muri sinus. Ukoresheje amazi y’akazuyazi, ubikora inshuro
nyinshi zishoboka.
4.
Kongera ubuhehere bw’umwuka uri guhumeka
Niba izuru
ryumagaye, rikubabaza, umwuka ushyushye utuma urushaho kumererwa nabi
kurushaho. Ni byiza kongera umwuka ufutse w’aho uherereye cyane cyane nijoro.
Uburyo bworoshye ni
ugukoresha ibyuma bituma umwuka uhehera, ushobora no gukoresha uburyo bwo
gushyushya amazi mu isafuriya iminota nk’icumi cg se ugakaraba amazi ashyushye.
5.
Gukoresha imiti ifungura amazu
Igihe wafunganye
ushobora gukoresha imiti ifungura mu mazuru kuko bituma imyenge yo mu mazuru
ifunguka bikagabanya inflammation.
Ariko ikiba cyiza
kurushaho ni ugusukura ururenda rwo mu mazuru ukoresheje amazi ateguye arimo
umunyu (serum physiologique), imiti iterwa mu mazuru irimo umunyu igurwa muri
pharmacie, ukubahiriza amabwiriza uhabwa n’abaganga. Ugomba kwirinda koza mu
mazuru buri kanya kuko bishobora kuhangiza.
6.
Gukoresha pomade cg amavuta yabigenewe
Amavuta yabigenewe
ubundi ntabwo afungura amazuru ahubwo yoroshya uburyo bwo guhumeka. Ushobora gushyira
mu mazi yo gukaraba udutonyanga duke twa
huile de menthe, eucalyptus (inturusi), camphre cg se ukabihumeka. Pomade
basiga mu gatuza nazo zirafasha.
Ku bagore batwite n’abantu
bagira allergie, si byiza gukoresha iyo miti utayihawe na muganga, kuko
ishobora kukugiraho ingaruka mbi.
7.
Kugisha inama abaganga cg abacuruza imiti
Imiti ifungura mu
nzira z’ubuhumekero ni myinshi kandi ikoreshwa bitewe n’impamvu wafunganye. Hari
ikoreshwa mu gihe cy’ibicurane bisanzwe, hari ikoreshwa kubera allergie, …
Iyo miti iba ifite
n’ingaruka zitandukanye ku buzima, nko gusinzira, ibibazo by’umutima, gucika intege,
…
Igihe wafunganye mu
mazuru, ushobora gusaba inama abaganga cg abacuruza imiti (pharmacien) kugira
ngo bagufashe guhitamo umuti ujyanye n’ikibazo ufite.
8.
Kujya kwa muganga igihe ibimenyetso bikomeje
Igihe ufunganye
amazuru bikarenga iminsi 10 nta gihindutse ugomba kwivuza. Umuganga akurikije
ibimenyetso ufite niwe ushobora kumenya indwara ufite iyo ari yo cg akamenya aho akuyobora ngo bagufashe.
Ubundi gufungana mu
mazuru abenshi babifata nk’aho ntacyo bitwaye nyamara niba bimaze iminsi irenze
15 ugomba kwihutira kwivuza igihe:
·
uhora ufunganye izuru rimwe gusa
·
Izuru ritangira rifungana buhoro buhoro bikagenda byiyongera
·
Uva imyuna mu mazuru cg hasohokamo utuntu tw’utubumbe buri gihe
·
Uhora uzana ibimyira mu mazuru kandi ukababara umutwe
·
Utagishobora kumva impumuro kandi ukaba utajya ufunguka amazuru
·
Ubyimba amaso, akakubabaza ugatangira kunanirwa kureba
·
Ubabara umutwe n’amenyo
Wakora iki nijoro?
Gufungana mu mazuru
bikunda kuza mu gihe cya nijoro cyane ndetse bikaba byakubuza gusinzira neza.
Ibi bishobora kugufasha ubikoze mbere yo kuryama:
kunywa ibishyushye
mbere yo kuryama
koza mu mazuru cg kwiyuka
gufata umuti w’umuriro
igihe uwufite cg uw’ububabare
gukoresha ibituma
umwuka uhehera
Kuryama nijoro usa
n’uweguye umutwe kugirango bigufashe guhumeka neza.
Icyo wafasha umwana
uri munsi y’amezi 18 ufunganye amazuru
Abana bari munsi
y’amezi 18 ntibaba bazi kwipfuna ibyo bituma bahora bafunganye amazuru.
Ushobora kumufasha
ukoresheje serum physiologique ukurikije inama wagiriwe n’umuganga w’abana;
Ugomba kumuha ibyo
kunywa bihagije kugira ngo atagira umwuma;
Kubobeza umwuka
w’aho aryamye;
Kumuha umuti
w’ububabare n’uw’umuriro ukurikije urugero agomba gufasha.
Ni gute wakwirinda
gufungana amazuru?
Kwirinda biruta
kwivuza, ugomba gufata ingamba zose zikubuza gufungana zirimo:
Kwirinda ibintu byose bigutera allergie nk’impumuro y’ibintu ibyo ari byo byose (imibavu, indabo, …), ubwoya bw’inyamanswa, ivumbi ukora isuku mu nzu yawe;
kumenya ibiribwa urya bikagutera gufungana no kubyirinda;
kureka umwuka
ukinjira mu nzu neza ufungura amadirishya;
Gukaraba intoki
buri gihe wirinda gukwirakwiza mikorobe mu mazuru;
Koza amazuru
ukoresha serum physiologique (amazi ateguwe arimo umunyu) kugira ngo ukuremo
imyanda;
Guhumeka umwuka usukuye no kwirinda ubukonje;
Kongera ubwirinzi bw’umubiri bukurinda indwara zo mu buhumekero, urya
indyo yuzuye, uruhuka bihagije unakora imyitozo ngorora mubiri;
Gukurikiza inama uhabwa n’abaganga, niba ugira rhinite na sinusite
bihoraho no gufata imiti uko bikwiye;
Kwirinda umwuka uhumanye nk’imyotsi, ibinyabutabire n’ibindi byose
byatuma ufungana amazuru
Umwanditsi: NAHAYO Pelagie
IBYIFASHISHIJWE
https://www.livi.fr/en-bonne-sante/nez-bouche/
https://www.vidal.fr/maladies/nez-gorge-oreilles/rhinite-allergique-rhume-foins.html